Cervical Cancer Philippines Manila

Cervical Cancer: What Every Woman Should Know

ByOBGYN

Cervical cancer is one of the most preventable and treatable forms of cancer—yet it still affects thousands of women worldwide every year. The good news is that early detection and vaccination can dramatically reduce your risk.

In this guide, we’ll explain what cervical cancer is, what causes it, how to prevent it, and what screening and treatment options are available.

What Is Cervical Cancer?

Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the cells of the cervix, the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina.

Most cervical cancers develop slowly over time. Before cancer appears, the cervical cells undergo precancerous changes called dysplasia. If these abnormal cells aren’t detected and treated early, they can turn into cancer.

What Causes Cervical Cancer?

The primary cause of cervical cancer is persistent infection with certain types of the human papillomavirus (HPV).

✅ About HPV:
HPV is a very common sexually transmitted infection. There are more than 100 types, but only a few high-risk strains—mainly HPV types 16 and 18—are responsible for about 70% of cervical cancers.

✅ Risk Factors Include:

  • Having multiple sexual partners

  • Early sexual activity

  • A weakened immune system

  • Smoking

  • Long-term use of birth control pills (5+ years)

  • Lack of regular Pap smears or HPV screening

Signs and Symptoms of Cervical Cancer

In its early stages, cervical cancer usually doesn’t cause noticeable symptoms—which is why regular screening is crucial.

As it progresses, symptoms may include:

  • Abnormal vaginal bleeding (between periods, after sex, or after menopause)

  • Unusual vaginal discharge (watery, bloody, or foul-smelling)

  • Pain during sex

  • Pelvic pain

If you notice any of these signs, talk to your OB-GYN right away.

How Is Cervical Cancer Diagnosed?

1ïžâƒŁ Pap Smear (Pap Test)

A Pap smear checks for abnormal cells on the cervix. It’s a simple, quick test done during a pelvic exam.

2ïžâƒŁ HPV Test

This test checks for high-risk HPV strains that can cause cervical cancer. Sometimes it’s done at the same time as a Pap smear.

3ïžâƒŁ Colposcopy

If your Pap smear shows abnormal cells, your doctor may recommend a colposcopy—a closer look at the cervix using a special microscope.

4ïžâƒŁ Biopsy

If needed, your doctor will take a small tissue sample to test for cancer cells.

How Is Cervical Cancer Treated?

Treatment depends on the stage of the cancer, your age, and overall health. Options include:

✹ Precancerous Changes:
If found early, precancerous cells can be removed with procedures like cryotherapy, laser therapy, or a LEEP (loop electrosurgical excision procedure).

✹ Early-Stage Cervical Cancer:
Surgery to remove part or all of the cervix and uterus (hysterectomy) is common.

✹ Advanced Cervical Cancer:
Treatment may include a combination of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.

✹ Targeted Therapy & Immunotherapy:
Newer treatments may be available for advanced cases that don’t respond to traditional therapies.

Can Cervical Cancer Be Prevented?

In many cases, yes! Here’s how you can protect yourself:

✅ Get the HPV Vaccine:
Vaccines like Gardasil 9 protect against the most common cancer-causing HPV strains. Vaccination is recommended for girls and boys starting at ages 9–12 but can be given up to age 45.

✅ Have Regular Pap Smears and HPV Tests:
Routine screening can detect precancerous changes before they turn into cancer.

✅ Practice Safe Sex:
Using condoms reduces your risk of HPV and other sexually transmitted infections.

✅ Quit Smoking:
Smoking increases the risk of cervical and other cancers.

Cervical Cancer Stages and Survival Rates

Cervical cancer is staged from Stage 0 (precancerous changes) to Stage IV (cancer has spread to other organs).

The earlier it’s found, the better the outcome:

  • Early detection: Over 90% survival rate at 5 years

  • Advanced stage: Survival rates are lower, highlighting the importance of regular screening

Living With and Beyond Cervical Cancer

A cervical cancer diagnosis can be overwhelming, but support is available. Many women lead healthy lives after treatment. Follow-up care includes regular checkups, scans, and support for physical and emotional recovery.

Joining a support group, talking with a counselor, and staying connected with your healthcare team can make a big difference.

Final Thoughts

Cervical cancer is largely preventable with vaccination and regular screening. Knowing the risk factors, symptoms, and prevention steps empowers you to protect your health.

If you haven’t had a Pap smear or HPV test in the last few years, talk to your OB-GYN. And if you’re eligible for the HPV vaccine, it’s never too late to consider it.

Your health is worth it—early detection saves lives.

Need help booking a screening or have questions about the HPV vaccine? Talk to your OB-GYN or reach out— We’re here to help with information and resources whenever you need them! It’s easiest to start with an online OBGYN consultation – book it here.

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